The style of constructivism appeared in Russia in the 20s of the XX century. In the 1930s, it spread to Germany, France, and England. And in the 40s in the USA. Constructivism set out to completely change the world and a man, to part with all traditions in order to open a completely new page in the history of art. The constructivists, absolutely rejecting all the patterns of the past, wanted to create the future, that they saw as a harmony of clear geometric shapes.
Machines became the source of beauty for them, they were looking for new forms in its angular contours, flawlessly functioning mechanisms were the source of inspiration for them, and the creative motto was to dissolve the aesthetic, emotional essence of art in business. Nothing superfluous catches the eye, everything is functional, thought out, weighed. Adjusted proportions make the avant-garde architecture of that time related to the classical architecture of antiquity. Simple and clear forms, floor-to-ceiling windows, metal and concrete - houses that looked like ships, and inside an interior of the new time was being created.
Inside houses was freed from partitions, the old ideas about internal premises of a house were denied. The division into zones was done in an abstract way, most often due to light movable partitions, because separate closed rooms, corridors were considered hopelessly outdated. Unlike the interiors of the previous modern era, reminiscent of a cozy shell, the houses of constructivists called to the future of high technologies, machine production and futuristic megacities.
This style manifested itself most clearly in architecture and furniture. Well-thought-out functional solutions and strict adherence to their requirements, compact volumes with a clearly defined frame, technical clarity in the construction of an architectural form. The use of reinforced concrete, brick, glass. No stucco decoration. Rhythmically alternating volumes and windows on facades, the contrast of smooth surfaces of walls and glass, the clarity of vertical and horizontal lines. Ribbon windows, flat coverings, open supports in the lower floors are also possible.
Working on the form, the attention was mainly paid to the structure, that was considered the main bearer of functional and aesthetic principles. Therefore, outwardly, architectural and furniture forms looked like a frame consisting of simple geometric shapes. The uniqueness of an item didn’t matter, and the main factor was universality.
The color scheme was simple and concise. There was no ornament at all, but there were color accents - the metal shine, noble black, pure white and saturated simple colors - red, yellow, blue. These colors were considered a reflection of the philosophical and spiritual values of the era.
Constructivism in an interior is almost a history, but its embodiment in a modern house or stylization is quite possible. Moreover, many ideas of constructivism have found their development in minimalism.
